Today in History: Alfred Nobel sets aside his estate to establish the Nobel Prize in 1895

The following are some of the major events that occurred on November 27 throughout history: 

AD 25 – Luoyang is declared capital of the Eastern Han dynasty by Emperor Guangwu of Han.

602 – Byzantine Emperor Maurice is forced to watch as the usurper Phocas executes his five sons before Maurice is beheaded himself.

1727 – The foundation stone to the Jerusalem Church in Berlin is laid.

1835 – James Pratt and John Smith are hanged in London; they are the last two to be executed for sodomy in England.

1895 – At the Swedish–Norwegian Club in Paris, Alfred Nobel signs his last will and testament, setting aside his estate to establish the Nobel Prize after he dies.

1940 – In Romania, the ruling Iron Guard fascist party assassinates over 60 of arrested King Carol II of Romania’s aides and other political dissidents.

1971 – The Soviet space program’s Mars 2 orbiter releases a descent module. It malfunctions and crashes, but it is the first man-made object to reach the surface of Mars.

1978 – The Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK) is founded in the Turkish village of Fis.

2001 – A hydrogen atmosphere is discovered on the extrasolar planet Osiris by the Hubble Space Telescope, the first atmosphere detected on an extrasolar planet.

2015 – An active shooter inside a Planned Parenthood facility in Colorado Springs, Colorado, shoots at least four police officers. One officer later dies. Two civilians are also killed, and six injured. The shooter later surrendered.